CHART 355 RAMAYAPATNAM TO SACRAMENTO SHOAL Kottapatnam to False Divi Point 2.106 The coast between Kottapatnam and False Divi Point, about 41 miles ENE, is low and sandy. Nizampatnam Bay lies between Kottapatnam and False Divi Point (15º 43' N, 80º 50'E); the bay indents the coast to a distance of about 14 miles. Except for the shoals near Mutapolli Bank the bay is free from dangers and its shore may be approached with safety to a depth of 9.1m. Gundlakamma, a river which enters the sea 6½ miles NNE Kottapatnam. The confluence of these rivers forms a backwater close within the coast. Even in good weather only boats can enter Gundlakamma River; boat navigation is possible for about 2 miles within the mouth at high water from September to November when the river level is high. Vadarevu Anchorage 2.107 Vadarevu Light (15° 47'.73N, 80° 24'.61E) is exhibited from a white 30m high circular masonry tower with black bands. Vadarevu (15º 47' 44"N, 80º 24' 36"E), is a small fishing village well connected by road to the nearest Railway station Chirala, about 26 miles NNE. There is a conspicuous bungalow, 11m high with flagstaff, NE of it. The East and West Boundary pillars, conspicuous and 5m high stand about 1 mile NE and SW respectively of the conspicuous bungalow. Government of Andhra Pradesh has designated the port of Vadarevu as a Greenfield port and as specialized port for Ship breaking. There is a small port office but hardly any commercial activity presently exists. A number of fishing trawlers of medium and small size operate from here. Anchorage, may be obtained in depth of 10m, mud, about 2 miles SE of the conspicuous bungalow. Vadarevu is a minor port with fishing being the only activity at present. There are no trade and shipping activities at this port. No facilities are available. 2.108 Nizampatnam (15º 53'N, 80º 38.3'E) Nizampatnam is a small fishing harbour. The entrance in to the channel is possible during high water only for vessels with draughts of upto 1.2m. This is due to the existence of a bar with about 0.6m least depth over it, which extends across the channel. The entry in to channel is further subject to weather on account of the presence of breakers over the bar during rough weather. Small quantities of fuel and water are supplied in barrels. Trading and shipping activities are negligible. Nizampatnam is well connected by road to Bapatla (approx 20 Kms). There is a small port office however there is hardly any commercial activity. Nizampatnam Lighthouse (White tower, Red bands, 30 m in height) (15º 53'.02N, 80º 38'.30E) became fully operational in July 2004. Anchorage. An open anchorage 5 miles S of Nizampatnam may be obtained in depth of 9m, the bottom is soft mud and sand. Storm Signals are displayed at the port office signal station, the brief system is used. 2.109 False Divi Point (15º 43' N, 80º 50'E), is low and covered by small mangroves. A shoal, ground which dries in patches, extends about 3 miles W of False Divi Point; close S of this ground the sea breaks heavily. 2.110 Krishna River, rising 40 miles from the western ghats on the W side of India, flows E across the country into the Bay of Bengal by several branches, of which the mouth of one is close E of False Divi Point. Krishna River Delta, a wide alluvial plain formed by the enormous amount of silt carried by several branches of the river, extends seaward between the town of Nizampatnam and Machilipatnam. Divi Point is the NE extremity and False Divi Point the SW extremity of the delta. Divi Point (15º 58´ ’N, 81º 09'E), is low and sandy with a little scrub growth. The E mouth of the main branch of Krishna River lies about 1 mile W of Divi Point and is marked by breakers. At Vijaywada, near the head of the delta, 50 miles NNW of False Divi Point, there is a large masonry dam which controls a network of irrigation canals throughout the delta. Between the dam and the mouths of the delta, the river is used by seagoing local craft for about six months of the year; the main irrigation canals are also navigable. Nagyalanka Light (15º 47'.2N, 80º 59'.2E) is exhibited from a white square masonry tower with red diagonal stripes 37m in height, about 10 miles ENE of False Divi Point on the NE bank of Golumuttapava or Ballaleu River, a branch of Krishna River. Between False Divi Point and Divi Point, 24 miles NE the coast is low and monotonous with sandy foreshore and low sandhills backed by a fringe of jungle from 9 to 12m high. Twin Trees stand about 3 miles W of Divi Point A white masonry tower 15.2m high which is maintained as land mark stands about 2¼ miles NW of Divi Pint. Current. In March the current off Divi Point has been found to set E at 0.5 knots. 2.111 Directions, As the low coast between the False Divi Point and Divi point is frequently obscured by haze and depths of less than 11m extend about 5 miles offshore, it is advisable to be guided by soundings when navigating in this vicinity. Offshore oil drilling operation is being carried out between Divi Point and Narasapur Point, 38 miles NE. A Wellhead exists 12 miles S of Divi Point. 2.112 Machilipatnam Roads (16º 10' N, 81º 15'E), an open roadstead, lies off the mouth of Machilipatnam Creek, 13 miles NNE of Divi Point. The Port of Machilipatnam lies 5 miles within the entrance of a shallow winding waterway comprising a creek and a canal. It is the only port in Krishna District; the entrance to the creek marked by a stranded wreck on each side, is constantly changing. Its main trade was the export of iron ore and cement, imports consist mainly of fertilizers. There are two Break Waters north and south with lengths of 203m. Machilipatnam. Town is well developed with an approximate population of two lakhs, and well connected by rail and road. Machilipatnam gets annual rainfall due to the southwest monsoons. The climate is tropical in nature with hot summers and moderate winters. Machilipatnam is frequently hit by cyclones due to low pressure created by the southwest monsoon. On 8 December 2004, a high capacity S-Band Doppler radar meant for cyclone warning was installed, commissioned and operationalised at the city. This facility will monitor 960 km long coastline of the state. Agriculture is the most important occupation and paddy being the main food crop produced. Machilipatnam has a high literacy rate and has 06 colleges and four well recognised schools. 2.113 The Port was functional since 1945 and operated upto 1967; it was under nominal operation till 1990. It is presently not under operation due to siltation and absence of berthing facilities. There are good anchorages 3½ miles from the mouth the bottom is mainly soft mud. Machilipatnam fishing harbour is SSE of Machilipatnam Fort and is designed for 350 mechanised boats with alongside depth of 2.5m; it has a Quay wall of 600m. Machilipatnam Light (16º 14'.8N, 81º 14'.0E) is exhibited from a white round concrete tower with black bands, 50m in height, about 4 miles NNE of the mouth of Machilipatnam Creek (16º 14' N, 81º 14'E). Vijayawada Aero Light is occasionally exhibited from the control tower of Vijayawada airfield, about 30 miles NW of Machilipatnam. Machilipatnam (Bandar) Fort lies 1 ½ miles west of Machilipatnam light; the port office is situated in the fort. Around the fort is an area of waste land across which a causeway leads to the town about 2 miles NW. Karmeda Beacon, with an elevation of 14m, standing about 5 miles SW of Machilipatnam Light tower, is tilted from the base approx 10° to 15°. The Beacon is approachable by a kaccha road. A prominent chimney with an elevation of 28m, 1½ miles NNW of Karameda Beacon is reported to be the first object sighted when approaching from E. A white pillar, with an elevation of 13m, stands about 2 miles NE of Karameda Beacon. A not very prominent Beacon, with an elevation of 7m, stands on the coast 10 miles NE of the prominent chimney. Anchorage. Following are the recommended berths for anchorage off Machilipatnam with holding ground comprising fine sand and soft mud. a) 16° 09’.215 N 81° 17’.137 E b) 16° 10’.300 N 81° 17’.190 E c) 16° 07’.336 N 81° 16’.263 E d) 16° 12’.530 N 81° 18’.160 E e) 16° 08’.590 N 81° 17’.180 E The river entrance light is disused and is on the verge of collapse. the entry into the creek is devoid of any transits/marks. The mouth also has a no. of sand banks and is only safe to navigate in high waters, for vessels up to 1.5 meters draught. Sea weeds were found floating up to six miles from the coast. 2.114 Wrecks & Dangers A dangerous wreck with mast visible lies on bearing 040º at 6½ miles from the lighthouse. Dangerous wreck, positions approximate, lies about 7.5 miles 158º and 8.25 miles 160¼º respectively from the light house. Another dangerous wreck of a wooden cargo boat lies about 6½ miles on bearing 130º from the lighthouse. Bar. There is the depth of 0.3m over the bar, in the dry season (November to May). Cargo is handled by the boats and lighters which can cross the bar at high water. The port is not under operation due to siltation of the Channel and absence of berthing facility. Storm Signals are displayed at Machilipatnam; the general system is used. 2.115 Directions Vessels bound for Machilipatnam from S should make False Divi Point and then shape course to the NE, keeping in depths of not less than 15m and sounding constantly. During the NE monsoon vessels should always make Narasarpur Point (16º 18´ ’N, 81º 43´E), before shaping course for Machilipatnam anchorage. Vessels are advised not to approach the roads or anchorage at night. Facilities 2.116 The gates of the tidal lock have been closed and the wharves are not used. The Old wharves at Machilipatnam port are partially destroyed and are used by fishing trawlers for berthing. A New wharf east of the old wharf with 60 mtrs length has been constructed and is used for accommodating fishing trawlers. No facility of tugs, launches and lighters exist in the port due to shifting sand bars at the mouth of the creek and also due to inadequate depths. The new wharf with fishing shelters and godowns are under construction. The creek has been last dredged in 2003. The shipping office, custom office and store houses are located in Bandar fort which is partially dilapidated and is declared to be a protected monument of national importance under the Archaeological Survey of India. Supplies. Not available. Communications. No communication exists with any other Indian ports. The Machilipatnam railway station is 10 Kms west of the new wharf and is connected by road. Machilipatnam is connected with the national highway and the general railway system. Air services are available at Vijayawada, 50 miles NW. A Port Signal Communication Centre is presently being setup at the Administrative office close to new wharf and MMB Channel 15 is manned during daytime. Port Authority is exercised by the Port Officer Machilipatnam. Development Groynes are being built to protect the entrance to the creek. Machilipatnam to Narasapur Point 2.117 The coast between Machilipatnam and Narasapur Point (16º 18'N, 81º 43'E), 32 miles ENE, is low and wooded. With care it may be approached to depths of 15m except off Narasapur point which should not be approached within 37m at night. The Current in the bight, W of Narasapur Point is weak and variable. Narsapur Point forms the E entrance to Vasishta Godavari River; a ruined obelisk stands about 1 mile from the end of the point. Antarvedi Light (16º 19'.0N, 81º 43'.6E) is exhibited from a white square masonry tower, with red bands, 26m in height, standing about ½ mile ENE of the obelisk. A DGPS beacon transmits correction from the light-tower. Vashita Godavari River, the S mouth of Godavari River, enters the sea on the W side of Narasapur Point; the bar at its mouth has depths of 2.3m with depths of 3.7m to 7.3m within. The source of the wide, alluvial delta of Vasishta Godavari River and its several branches extend from the vicinity of Narasapur Point Narasapur Point to Kakinada Bay 2.118 Between Narasapur Point and Vainateyam Godavari River, 15 miles ENE, the coast continues low and wooded. This stretch of coast may safely be approached to depths of 18m, the current, during January and February, sets with a maximum rate of 2 knots. A Submarine cable and pipeline area has been established between Godavari river entrance and False Divi Point. The limits of this area known as the Rava Oil Field Development Area and may best be seen on the chart. Oil platforms usually carrying lights, wellheads, other unlit objects, and submerged obstructions, sometimes marked by buoys exist in the area. Anchoring and fishing is prohibited, and a 500 m safety zone has been established around each installation. Mariner should not enter these zones. Between the entrance to Vainateyam Godavari River and Sacramento Shoal lies the Rava Oil Fields. No Anchoring and Trawling is allowed in this area. The coast is lined with a number of Oil and Gas pipe lines which run between the Oil fields and the coast. 2.119 Rava Oil Fields are the offshore drilling facility of Oil and Natural Gas Commission, A number of oil rigs and platforms can be expected in this area Mariners are advised to give a wide berth and clear the area. Rava Oil Field Area Sl.No. Latitude Longitude 1 16°29'.00 N 82°04'.00 E 2 16°18'.00 N 82°04'.00 E 3 16°18'.00 N 82°18'.00 E 4 16°33'.50 N 82°18'.00 E 2.120 Sacramento (Karakutippa) Shoal, consisting of hard sand lies at the entrance of Vrudha Godavari River. This shoal goes under frequent changes in position and depth; its outer limit is about 3½ miles E and 4 miles SE of Sacramento Lighthouse. The shoal over which the sea usually breaks has a least depth of 1.2m. Vessels should not navigate in the vicinity without local knowledge. Sacramento Light (16º 35'.2N, 82º 16'.8E) is exhibited from a circular masonry tower, 45m in height, 2 miles WNW of the entrance to Vrudha Godavari River (16º 35'N, 82º 19'E). Anchorage for small vessel can be obtained in a depth of 7.4m; The bottom is sand and mud. There are anchorages 2 miles S of Sacramento light-tower or 5 miles NE of the light-tower, about 1 mile offshore in similar depth, with muddy bottom. These anchorages are only partly sheltered from NE and SW winds. Landing, sheltered from SW wind, can be effected near the mouth of a small drying creek about 3 miles NE of Sacramento light-tower. 2.121 Vrudha Gautami River is the S entrance of Godavari River and lies about 23 miles ENE of the entrance channel to the river. It lies between the SW end of a narrow sandpit, with depths from 0.3m to 1.2m high and shoal water extending SE from Sacramento light tower. There is a least depth of 2.7m over the bar which lies between 1 .25 to 2 miles S of the SW end of the sandpit. Small craft with local knowledge can enter the river in good weather. Depths increase inside the bar and there are depths from 7 to 11m in the river for nearly 3 miles from its entrance. During the wet season (June to October) the out going stream in the river may attain a rate of 4 knots. Between the mouth of Vrudha Gautami River and Godavari Point, 24 miles N, the coast is very low and in this vicinity, distances judged by the eye are likely to be in error because of sand haze. A new temple stands 3.6 miles NNE of Sacramento Lighthouse and although not conspicuous, is one of the few objects that can be identified near the mouth of Vrudha Gautami River. Anchorage can be used by small vessels with local knowledge E of Masanutippa in a depth of 1.3m about 1 mile offshore, the bottom is muddy. The coast of Masanutippa Temple is fringed by low, narrow sandbanks, covered in places with low scrub, on which the sea breaks heavily during the SW monsoon. Hope Island, one of a chain of similar islands, lies 10 miles N of Masanutippa Temple and forms part of the delta of Godavari River; the island, which is low, swampy and covered with jungle is sometimes submerged during spring tides. FPSO “Dhirubhai-1” Off Kakinada 2.121a 1 General Information. Reliance Industries Ltd. is the field operator of the MA-D26 oil field. The Terminal consists of the FPSO ‘Dhirubhai-1’ (weather vane). ‘Dhirubhai-1’ has a storage capacity of approximately 1,300,000 Bbls of crude oil and off take parcel size will generally be between 60,0000-1,000,000 Bbls. The oil would be transferred to the offtake Tanker (OT) through a single offtake hose system at up to 38,000 Bbls /hr. 2 Position. Dhirubhai-1 FPSO is moored at position (16º 42'.5N, 82º 41'.1E) in depths of 1138m approximately 20nm off the India East Coast. The nearest port is Kakinada at distance of about 28nm. 3 Port Radio. The following are monitored on a 24-hour basis. (i) FPSO Dhirubhai – 1 Call Sign C6VZ8 (ii) VHF: Listening - VHF Channel 16 Working - VHF Channel 72, 68. (iii) Inmarsat‘C’ Telex only 430894410 and 430894411 (iv) Telephone : +91 47 35542355 (v) Fax : +91 47 35542356 (vi)E-mail : captain1@akerborgestad.com 4 OT arriving at the Terminal should make contact in the first instance on VHF Ch 16 and then on the working channel 68 and 72 for final instructions. 5 Restricted Zone. A radius of 3nm around the FPSO Dhirubhai-1 is demarkated as a restricted area. Only OT approaching and vessels providing services to the terminal would be permitted to enter the Restricted Zone subject to access control. 6 Pilot Boarding Point. Pilot boards approximately 5nm SE of FPSO Dhirubhai1 at position 16º 39'N, 82º 45'E. 7 Anchoring/Drifting. The Terminal is located in depths of 1100-1400m. Vessels would be unable to anchor and may drift at a distance at least 10nm from the terminal if waiting for berthing, but always within VHF range. Prior to arrival, the Master of the OT should contact Dhirubhai-1 for information concerning berthing prospects. 8 OT entering the Terminal’s 3nm Restricted Zone should have both anchors hauled firmly ‘home’ in the hawse pipe and securely fastened by chains. The pawls on both anchors to be in place. The OT is not to drift inside a circle of 10 nautical miles of the Terminal. 9 Berthing/Unberthing. The FPSO is a weather vaning vessel attached to a buoy. Depending on wind and currents, the buoy can move around 180m from its mean position. The FPSO will accept to moor and load OT upto 150,000 DWT. However those of more than 150,000 DWT may be accepted on individual basis by the operators. The moorings would be in tandem with FPSO. 10 Berthing of OT will only take place during ‘daylight’ hours from 0600hrs up to 1500hrs local time. Those not tendered a valid NOR by 1500hrs will be berthed the following day and NOR time will be considered as 0600hrs next day. 11 Berthing Operation. The Loading Master and the OT Master information exchange will take place prior to the mooring operation commencement. Support crafts will be provided by the terminal to assist OT mooring to the FPSO. When the OT is secured and the Master/Loading Master are satisfied that the vessel is lying safely to the mooring, the tugboat will gradually take the strain so as to keep the mooring hawser permanently stretched. The ‘work boat’ will be instructed by the Loading Master to bring the cargo hose to the port manifold on the OT for connection. The Vessels to ensure compliance of following: 12 (a) Bollard strength as per OCIMF recommendations. (b) To provide 2 x 220 mtrs rope of at least 85 MT MBL for pull back tug. (c) Spooling drum capable of storing hawser of 150m x 108mm dia + hawser of 25m x 80 mm+messenger line 100m x 32mm dia on winches at bow for FPSO pick up hawser and chain. (d) To be fitted with bow stoppers (Chain stoppers) to accommodate 76mm chafe chain and in compliance with OCIMF mooring arrangements. (e) To have crane/derrick on port side of SWL 10T to lift Cargo hose. (for suez max–15T and VLCC–20T) (f) To have 16 inch 150 ASA flange meeting OCIMF standard. 5. General 13 Restrictions. The OT shall be instructed to prepare for disconnection if one of the following conditions occurs: (a) Three occurrences of peak mooring hawser tension greater than 100 tonnes force within one hour. (b) One single occurrence of a peak mooring hawser tension greater than 150 tonnes force. (c) If the OT is unable to maintain station due to adverse conditions of wind or weather or current. 14 Limiting Weather Conditions. (a) Berthing: Significant Wave Height of <3.0m, and/or a wind speed of <30 knots are the upper limiting criteria for berthing operations. Visibility of at least 1nm. 15 (b) Terminal Closure: Weather conditions are Significant Wave Height >4.0m and/or a wind speed >the 35.0 knots. 16 Arrival Documents. The OT must present the following documents on arrival: (a) Last port clearance and certificates (b) P&I Club (in original), (c) CLC, (d) ISPS, (e) IOPP, (f) ITOPF, (g) IMO Crew list, (h) IMO Maritime Declaration of Health, etc. (i) Any other documents which may be reasonably demanded by the Terminal. 17 Emergency Disconnect. In the case of an emergency on the OT or failure of mooring hawser(s), the loading will cease immediately, and the vessel shall initiate it's own Emergency Response Plan. 18 The hawser quick release system may be activated. Where possible the off take hose will be disconnected first, but if this is not possible the quick disconnect coupling will be activated from the FPSO hose reel. In such a situation the hose will remain attached to the OT and the operator will arrange to retrieve the hose to be returned to the terminal. The quick disconnect coupling is fitted with shut-off valves to minimize oil spill risk. 19 Repairs and Maintenance. The Master of the OT at the Terminal are advised that the Terminal is located in open and unsheltered waters, and under no circumstances engines be shut down for repairs while the OT is at the Terminal. Repairs and maintenance to the OT’s equipment shall not impair the safe operation of the vessel, and the repairs and maintenance shall be limited to those items which do not impair the following: 20 (a) The safe and efficient use and operation of the Inert Gas System. (b) The safe and efficient use and operation of the pump room lighting and ventilation. (c) The safe and efficient handling of slops. (d) The propulsive power or maneuverability. (e) The fire fighting or fire detection capability. (f) The safe and efficient handling of cargo, ballast, bunkers and slops. (g) The safe operation and integrity of the mooring system. (h) The safe operation of electrical equipment in hazardous zones. (i) The safe operation and integrity of communications equipment. (j) The safe and efficient operation of the lifting equipment. (k)The safe and efficient operation of the main deck lighting. 21 Safety of Subsea Facilities. Dhirubhai-1 is connected via turret to production riser, gas export risers & gas injection riser to Production Manifold & Gas Export Manifold. Flow lines from X mas Trees are connected to Production Manifold. The berthing OT's are to ensure that no objects are dropped in Restricted Zone wherein these facilities are located. 22 Tank Entry. Tank entry is strictly prohibited within the Terminal’s Safety Zone. 23 Cargo Tank Washing. Cargo tank washing within the Terminal’s Safety Zone is strictly prohibited without prior approval of the Terminal. 24 Pollution Control. The Terminal has limited ability to provide assistance in case of an oil/or chemical spill from an OT. Any hydrocarbon spill will be managed under the Terminal’s Oil Spill Contingency Plan, and emergency response procedures. The support vessel has onboard a limited amount of oil dispersant chemical. No chemicals such as dispersants are to be applied to the hydrocarbon spill without the explicit permission of the Terminal authorities. 25 Without derogating from the Terminal Conditions, liability for any pollution caused by oil which has passed the OT's permanent hose connection, will be for the account of, and recoverable from, the OT Owners (as defined in the Terminal Conditions). 26 The OT shall comply fully with all the relevant provisions of the MARPOL Convention. Chemical discharge to the environment within the ‘Reporting Zone’ is prohibited. 27 Fire Fighting. The Terminal only has fire-fighting equipment required for its own purpose. However one vessel with fire fighting facilities shall be available in the field for providing necessary assistance. The carrying of matches and lighters by personnel on the OT’s open deck is strictly prohibited within the Safety Zone 28 Refuse/Garbage. The Terminal has no reception facilities for refuse or garbage of any description for others. No refuse or garbage of any description is to be dumped in the sea under International/Indian Legislation. Incinerators are not to be used within the Safety Zone. 29 Dirty Ballast and Slops. The Terminal has no provision for accepting dirty ballast or slops, and under no circumstances can dirty ballast or slops be discharged to the sea. 30 Fishing/ Swimming. Personnel are not allowed to swim or dive or engage in fishing of any description whatsoever from the OT anywhere within the Safety Zone. 31 Photography/Electronic Equipment. Use of non-hazardous area rated electronic cameras, video equipment, mobile phones or any other portable electronic device on the berthed vessels open deck is strictly prohibited within the Terminal’s Safety Zone. 32 Soot Blowing. Vessels shall not blow soot causing ‘soot’ to be released whilst within the Terminal’s Safety Zone. 33 Stores, Supplies, and Services. The remote, deep-sea location of the Terminal severely limits the storing of provision and supplies, and services. Bunker fuels and fresh water are not available from the Terminal. Medical and Dental services are not available. 34 Crew Changes. Crew changes are not permitted for the berthing vessels personnel. 35 Shore Leave. Shore leave for the personnel is not possible. 36 Visitors Facility. Due to the isolated position of the Terminal and the difficulty of arranging helicopters, it is not normally possible for non-operations personnel to visit the Terminal or the OT. Control & Riser Platform 2.121b 1 The CRP (Control & Riser Platform) at position (16º 39'.6N, 82º 27'.7E) in depths 98m provides transition between mid water pipelines (600-1000m) from sub-sea system and shallow water pipelines to the onshore terminal of Reliance. Chart 3009, Approaches and Plan of Kakinada port 2.122 Gaderu River flows into the sea through its N mouth, between Hope Island and spit extending N to Godavari Point. There are depths of 0.3m over the bar at its entrance but increasing depths within. Godavari Point (16º 59'N, 82º 20´E), the N extremity of narrow sand banks, is the SE entrance point of Kakinada Bay. Two Foul areas lie 2 miles NE of the point at a brg of 040° & 055° from Godavari Light, and a sand trap extends 5 cables NE from the point along the S edge of the dredged channel. Caution: Vessels are advised not to anchor between 1 mile and 1.8 miles N and NW of Godavari Point Light, because of the numerous wrecks which lie in this area. Some of these wrecks are dangerous to surface navigation. Godavari Point Light is exhibited from a white pillar with black bands, in height, from a position 8 cables SE of Godavari Point. KAKINADA BAY Charts 355, 2.123 Kakinada Bay is entered between the Godavari point and coast 2¾ WNW; it extends about 8 miles SSW from the entrance, the head being filled with drying mud flats. It is the safest natural harbour on the east coast of India, but for many years, has been silting up with deposits brought down by the Godavari River. The S part of the bay consists of extensive, drying mud flats extending from the mouth of Godavari River. The shore of Kakinada bay is low and liable to periodical flooding during cyclonic storms. The Boyage in the Kakinada Bay and the approaches to the canal entrance on the W side conform to the IALA Marine Buoyage System (Region A). A stranded wreck lies about 3½ cables S of Godavari Point Light. Vakulapudi Light (17º 01'N, 82º 17'E) is exhibited from white round masonry tower with red bands, 23m in height, about 3 miles NW of Godavari Point Light. Signal Station at the lighthouse is in telephone communication with the port office, vessels can communicate with the station by VHF on Channel 16. A racon (Code ‘G’) transmits from the light house. Storm Signals. The extended system is in use. 2.124 Landmarks. Prominent in the vicinity of Kakinada Bay are: The disused lighthouse on Hope Island. Godavari Point Light Tower Vakalapudi Light Tower (17º 01'N, 82º 17'E). Chimneys, N of Kakinada Bay, in approximate position 17º 03'.5N, 82º 18'.6E. To the S of Kakinada, the coast is low and sandy, interspersed with a few sandy hillocks, palmyra trees and low jungle. To the N of Kakinada the land appears bold, with high land extending NE. 2.125 Kakinada Port. Kakinada port is situated in the East Coast of India in position 16º 56'N, 82º 15' E. This was an all weather lighterage port developed in a naturally sheltered bay called Godavari Sand Spit. In the past few years It has developed into a multi purpose deep water all weather port. The Kakinada port comprises of Kakinada anchorage port, Kakinada deep water port, Kakinada fishing harbour and ship-breaking unit. The port of Kakinada comprises of an open anchorage about 3 miles NE of the entrance to Kakinada Canal and new along side berths at the end of the dredged channel in which ocean-going vessel can anchor. It is an intermediate port with principal activities being commercial fishing. Transfer of cargo between anchorage and wharves in the town of Kakinada, 7 miles SW, is by lighter through the canal. The Principal Trade is export of rice barn, agriculture products, tobacco, fiber, pig iron, cement clinker, bentonite, feldspar, Ferro manganese slag, Castor oil, crushed bones, sugar and groundnuts; chief imports are edible oil, fertilizer raw material, timber, Kerosene oil, wheat, naptha. 2.126 Deep Water Port: Kakinada Deep Water Port (KDWP) is operated by M/s Kakinada Seaports Ltd. KSPL is a special Purpose Vehicle of International Seaport Pte Ltd. Government of Andhra Pradesh has signed concession agreement with M/s International Seaports Pvt Ltd. on Operate, Maintain, Share and Transfer basis (OMST) for a period of 20 years. KDWP is ISO certified port and complies with ISPS code regulations. Kakinada Deep Water Port with 4 cargo Berths length 910m, one OSV berth length 58m and two finger piers that cater exclusively for OSVs having 4 berths faces of 90m and 2 berth faces of 40 m. 2.127 Navigational Channel. The Kakinada Deep Water port facility comprises of an approach channel from sea to quay wall of 910m length. A port hand fairway buoy marks the entrance; the fairway buoy is located in position 17° 10'.27N, 82° 20'.8E. It is painted red and flashes white every 10 seconds. The Navigational channel is marked with IALA buoys on either side leading to the Deep Water Port wharf. The navigational channel passes N of the Hope Island and divides the anchorage in N and S zones. The channel is about 7km long and the width from the entrance of the navigational channel to the turning circle is 125m, thereafter the turning circle’s diameter is about 350m. The Island breakwater, 1050m long, is constructed to provide tranquility to Deep Water port wharf from NE monsoon. The turning circle is located S of the breakwater. From the turning circle the width of the navigable waters increases to meet the N corner of the wharf and to a point about 90m S of the S corner of the wharf. All approaching and leaving vessels should contact KDWP pilot stations on VHF Channel 14 and 16. Control room is fully equipped with communication equipment, Radar and AIS and manned 24 hrs. All marine incidents should be immediately reported to the control room by VHF. From the entrance, the Navigational Channel is 125m wide till turning circle. Transit lights towers are placed in such a way that the vessel is in the centre of the navigational channel with bearing of 050°/ 230°. Deep Water Port area has been dredged upto 12.5m, thereby it would be possible to handle ships with 10.5m draft at all times and 11.5m draft at high water. Tides for Kakinada are predicted in Indian Tide tables. The limit of the port extends seawards to a depth of about 24 m. Anchorage on the bar E of Vakalapudi Light is subject to considerable ground swell from SE, even when there is no wind. Anchorage may be obtained 2¼ miles ESE of Vakalapudi light in depths of about 9 m. Safe anchorage may be obtained 3¼ miles SE of Vakalapudi Light in depths of about 6 m. There is very little tidal stream at these anchorages. Caution. Stranded wrecks exist 1 mile, and 9 cables, SW of the anchorage. 2.128 Pilotage. Presently the movement of ships within Deep Water Port area is done by the assistance of 3 numbers of tugs with capacity of 22 tons bollard pull each. A 50 tons bollard pull tug is added to the fleet to handle larger ships. Pilotage is compulsory for all ships; night navigation is permitted for vessels engaged in trading of non hazardous cargoes. Efforts are being made to facilitate round the clock 24 hours navigation and ship movement for all ships. Pilot boards and disembarks in a position about a half a mile N of the fairway Buoy. 2.129 Channel. Fairway light-buoy (Port hand) (17º 00'.15N, 82º 20'.47E), moored about 3½ miles ESE of Vakalapudi Light, marks the seaward end of the approach channel. Leading Beacons are situated about 2¾ miles SW of Godavari Point: Front Beacon 2½ miles SW of Godavari Point. Rear Beacon 900 m SW of the front beacon. The alignment (230º) of these beacons lead through the channel (1 cable wide and dredged to 12.5 m) for about 2¾ miles, to a turning circle 1 mile E of the berth, passing (with position given from Vakalapudi Light 17º01'N, 82º17'E): SE of a stranded wreck (2¼ miles SE) 4 cables NW of the channel, thence: SE of a detached breakwater (2½ miles SE) extending 6 cables NNW. From the turning circle (dredged to 11 m), the track leads W for about 1 mile (in dredged depths of 10.5 m) to the berth. Berths 2.130 Northern berth demarcated between bollard number 1 and 10, is 205m long and permissible drafts are 10.5m at all states of tide and 11.5m at high water. At northern berth pipelines are installed for reception of liquid cargo such as Phosphoric acid, Sulphuric acid at a rate of 800 to 900 tonnes per hour per line. There is a portable unloading arm for reception of Liquid Anhydrous Ammonia (LAA). LAA can be received at rate of 600 to 650 tonnes per hour. There are pipelines for reception of Naphtha and other POL such as kerosene, diesel etc; and these cargoes can be received at rate of 1000 to 1200 tonnes per hour per line. The Middle berth demarcated between bollard numbers 10 and 20, is 205m long, can accommodate vessels upto 10.5m draft at all states of tide and 11.5m draft at high water. At middle berth ship loader for Alumina handling is present. Plans are to extend from N berth manifold to handle Phosphoric acid, POL products as well as Edible Oil. This berth is mainly for edible oil and Alumina but can handle any bulk cargoes, cargoes such as Iron ore, Coal, Bentonite and Feldspar. The Southern berth can be demarcated between bollard number 20 and 30, is 200m long and permissible drafts are same as middle berth. 4th berth is from bollard no 30 to 43 of 300m length. The south and 4th berth are for bulk cargoes such as Iron ore, Coal, Bentonite and Feldspar, general cargo, project cargoes and fertilizers. Ship’s gear is used for loading /unloading and the port holds national record of loading 39000mt of iron ore in 24hrs. There are two fixed pipelines connected directly to receive edible oils to private tank farm facilities located outside the port area. A boat harbour with 6 short jetties projects S from a breakwater which extends 5 cables E from a position on the shore 1¾ miles S of Vakalapudi light. A light is exhibited from the S end of the E Jetty. 2.131 Tidal Streams In Kakinada Bay Tidal streams set NE during the falling tide and SW during the rising tide. The stream at spring is strong and must be taken into account when closing the land. From October to February the tidal stream will be combined with a SW current. Closer inshore, about 4 cables from Godavari Point, tidal stream follows the contour of the land and reaches a maximum rate of 1½ to 2 knots on the ebb and about ½ knot on the flood. Facilities 2.132 Two Mobile Cranes (1 x 20T & 1 x 35T). Ten Forklifts (2 to 3T).. Mobile Harbour Crane - Liebherr LHM400: 100T - Out sourced. Liebherr Fixed Cargo Cranes - 4 x 40T at 29.5 mtrs out each. There are 15 RCC wharves and 30 jetties with a wharf- age length of about 1230m. Four railway sidings are available for loading as well as discharging of cargo from railway wagons. Electric supply and godown facilities are available along wharves. Depths alongside wharves and jetties are maintained at 12.1m. Two mobile cranes of 10 ton capacity each, five hand cranes of ½ to 5 ton capacity and a 50 ton floating crane are also available. In addition, there are three grab dredgers which can be used as cranes if required. Minor salvage can be attended with the help of port department tugs, cranes and dredgers within the port limits. Liquid Cargo Storage. 3 L.P.G.Storage tanks each 30 M.Tons capacity are available. 3 spheres and Bullets are available at site in Vakalapaudi with their capacity 500 Tons and 150 M.Tons respectively owned by M/S Sri Shakti L.P.G Limited, Kakinada. 4 Nos.of Palmolein storage tanks are also available owned by M/S Food Fats and Fertilisers Limited, Kakinada with storage capacity of 9,000 M.Tons Ship repairs can carried out at this port. There are established ship repairers at Kakinada to attend the ship. The permission for ship repairs at Kakinada is given by KSPL subject to other vessel operations and conditions prevailing. A dry dock 45.72m long, 9.14m wide and 2.59m in draught is available for docking small craft. Minor repairs can be effected, tank cleaning and hull painting facilities are also available. A Staking area for about 230,000 tons of iron ore and pig iron is served by electrified railway sidings. About 9500 Sq m of transit shed storage is provided by the Port authority with a further 25,000 tons capacity privately owned. Medical services are available. There are two hospitals. Supplies. With prior intimation adequate quantity of stores and provisions can be supplied to ships at Kakinada. Kakinada does not have facilities for supply of bonded stores. MDO bunkering facilities to the ships are available with prior arrangement through pipeline or tank lories. Pipelines are installed along the DWP berths for supply of fresh water at berths, at rate of 50 tons per hour. Two mechanized barges, owned by Port Department with a carrying capacity of 250 Tons each are available for supply of Fresh Water to ships. Prior arrangements should be made through the agents of vessels 24 hrs in advance. With prior arrangement bunker fuels can be supplied by barge or road tanker. 2.133 Communications. There is regular sea communication with Madras and other Indian Ports and with Burma. There is communication by rail, road and canal with other places in the deltas of Godavari River and Krishna River. Locks on the inland waterways limit the beam of craft using them to 3.7m. Kakinada has a railway station and trains leave for Visakhapatnam, Hyderabad and Chennai regularly. Nearest domestic airport is located 60 km from Kakinada at Rajamundry however, Visakhapatnam 176 km away is better connected to rest of the country. Rajamundry and Visakhapatnam are connected to Kakinada by road and rail. International airports are Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata. There is a Port Radio Station at Kakinada. The hours of operations are 0045 to 0100,0345 to 0415, 0545 to 0615, 0745 to 0815, 1045 to 1115, 1245 to 1300, 1445 to 1515, 1745 to 1815, 1945 to 2015 and 2245 to 2315. Signal Station. A signal station, which is in communication with the Port Office, is located at Vakalapudi Light tower. 2.134 Regulation. Kakinada Port has strict Environmental Regulations, No ballast may be thrown overboard in depths less than 22m. Port Authority is exercised by the Port Officer, Kakinada. Kakinada Seaports Limited Port Administration Building, 2nd floor, South Wing, Beach Road, Kakinada - 533 007. Andhra Pradesh Godavari Point to Penta-kota 2.135 The coast for about 10 miles NE of Vakalapudi Light tower is low and marked with numerous villages and coconut trees. Low sand hills then appear and continue as far as Pentakota, 16 miles farther NE. Uppada, a village on the coast 5 miles NE of Vakalapudi Light tower, is a port of call for small local coasting craft. Pentakota, a village standing on the banks of Tandava River on either side of the entrance of which are sandhills, 6 to 9m high, with coconut grove between them, this lies about 25 miles NE of Vakalapudi Light tower. The river is closed during the SW monsoon when a heavy sea rolls in. Pentakota Light (17º 18'.0N, 82º 37'.0E) is exhibited from a white square masonry stone tower, with black bands, 18m in height, on the N side of the river entrance. Landmarks 2.136 Prominent landmarks are: Karaka Konda, 765m high hill standing about 22 miles NNE of Vakalapudi light tower shows up well in clear weather when seen from Kakinada. Lokarupswami Temple, painted white and surmounting a hill, 94m high,, stands about 4 miles NW of Pentakota Light tower and is conspicuous. Sudi Konda, a cone shaped hill, 159m high stands 2½ miles E of the above temple. Although it is not the highest hill in the vicinity, it is prominent because of its colour and shape. A prominent white obelisk stands on rising ground about 4 miles NE of Penta Kota Light tower and about ½ mile inland 5a Vallabhaswamy temple, white structure, 51m in height, lies 0.4miles SW of Varaha river mouth. 6 Between Pentakota and Dolphin’s Nose, 45 miles ENE, the coast fronts a succession of rounded hills, rising from a low sandy plain which shows up well at night. Sanjib Konda, a remarkable conical peak, 653m high, with a somewhat flattened and broken summit, stands about 14 miles NNE of Pentakota Light Tower. A small bight formed by the confluence of three rivers is entered 3½ miles ENE of the beacon at Revu Polavaram; the entrance to the bight is almost blocked at low water. A Plateau, 51m high, rises from the SW entrance point of the bight; 5 miles ENE of the entrance a beacon about 5m in height, surmounts a remarkable rounded hills 185m high, which stands on the beach presenting a steep, seaward face. Pudimadaka lies on the shore of a small bight 4 miles NE of the beacon on the hill, a red stone temple with three towers stands in the village which consists mainly of thatched huts. Pudimadaka Light (17º 29'.3N, 83º 00'.3E) is exhibited from a white square masonry tower, with red bands, 26m in height, standing on the coast about ½ mile S of Pudimadaka village. Pillar Rock, 9.1m high, stands offshore about 3 cables SSE of Pudimadaka village; some dark cliffs on the coast nearby show up prominently against the white sandy beaches. Depths of 9m lie close seaward of the rock; a ledge of rocks between pillar Rock and the coast serves as a breakwater during the SW monsoon and enables vessels to load here in safety. 2.137 Anchorage may be obtained during the SW monsoon in depths of 9m with Pillar Rock bearing 214º and the godowns on the beach bearing 282º. Between Pudimadaka and Dolphin’s Nose 20 miles ENE, the coast is broken and rocky but no rocks extend beyond ½ cable offshore; it is backed by a plain, studded with hills, some of which have conspicuous patches of drifted sand on their SW sides. A rocky ledge lies on the sandy beach about 4 miles NE of Pillar Rock. Another rock on the sandy beach about 7 miles NE of the Pillar Rock, appears as a low, black double rock when seen from NE; the coast on each side of this rock is sandy, with few scattered rocks along the beach. Kutu Konda (17º 34' N, 83º 10'E), a small conspicuous rocky promontory, 43m high, on which stands a beacon 5m in height, lies about 10½ miles ENE of Pillar Rock.